Table 1 gives the details of food grains produced in India.
Table 1
Food Grains Production in India
Crop |
97-98 |
98-99 |
99-2000 |
2000-01 |
01-02 |
Rice |
82.5 |
86.1 |
89.7 |
84.9 |
91.0 |
|
66.4 |
71.3 |
76.4 |
68.7 |
73.1 |
Coarse Cereals |
30.4 |
31.3 |
30.3 |
31.6 |
31.9 |
Pulses |
13.0 |
14.9 |
13.4 |
10.7 |
13.2 |
|
192.3 |
203.6 |
209.8 |
195.9 |
209.2 |
|
101.6 |
102.9 |
105.5 |
103.4 |
108.5 |
Rabi |
90.7 |
100.7 |
104.3 |
92.5 |
100.7 |
[Source: Economic Survey of India, 2001-02]
Grain processing is the biggest component of the food sector, sharing over 40% of the total value. The primary processing sector shares 96% of the total value while the secondary and tertiary sector shares 4% of the total value addition.
The grain processing industry covers a range of food products. These include the basic primary food, such as wheat and rice products, sugar, oil, pulses and the processes for converting them into edible form and processed food like biscuits, bakery products, breakfast food, etc. Growth in the industry until a few years ago was mainly in traditional sectors like rice, flour and oil milling. However, swelling consumerism has seen the introduction of a range of new products like breakfast cereals, texturised protein food, etc.
Product Range
Cereal products and pulses can be broadly classified into the following groups:
• Whole cereals/pulses where only the husk of the grain is removed, e.g. rice, wheat, gram, lentils, etc.
• Split pulses like tur dal, gram dal, etc.
• Milled grain products are made by removing the bran and usually the germ of the seed and then crushing the kernel into various sized pieces. These include wheat flour, maida, semolina (rawa), besan etc.
• Processed cereals and pulses like weaning food, breakfast cereals, etc.
• Ready mixes like cake mix, idli mix, vada mix etc.
....contd.
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